On Tuesday, March 31, 2015 in my American Sport in the 21st Century class we discussed deviance in sports. Deviance is an act that differs from the norm, especially behavior or attitudes that differ from acceptable social standard. An act of deviance is situationally specific and it is culturally specific. Examples of deviance in society are: using illegal drugs and violent acts or crimes. Examples of deviance in sport are: using performance enhancing drugs, fighting, gambling, bounty hunting, illegal recruiting, and academic cheating. Sport is an industry that directly mirrors society but when it comes to deviance, sport is a grey area. An act that is consider deviant outside of sport may be accepted in sport, violence and aggression are not accepted in society but sport encourages aggression. The following youtube video discusses the different types of deviant acts that happen within sports: Deviance Acts in Sports
The Sports Business Journal article, Sports and Ethics, discusses deviant acts that have been occurring in professional sports. There were two family violent acts within the NFL this past season, Ray Rice and Adrian Peterson. These two acts happened within the same week but it connects back to deviance being cultural specific. The following youtube video is Charles Barkley talking about both of these acts of deviance and why they are different: Charles Barkley
Adrian Peterson punished his son the way that he was punished when he was a kid. Adrian credits his success to the way that his parents raised him. This creates a problem between what society sees as acceptable and what different cultures see as acceptable. The following youtube video is a statement that Adrian Peterson released expressing his emotions: Adrian Peterson
Article: UFC Drug Testing
On Tuesday, April 3, 2015 in my American Sport in the 21st Century class we continued our discussion on deviance in sports but we focused on drugs. Drugs are chemicals that change the way that our bodies work. There are three different types of drugs: prescribed drugs, which are socially accepted drugs that are given by a doctor to help cure illness and disease, social drugs, which are socially unacceptable drugs that are illegal substances used by people to give them a "high" to try to make them have a good time, and performance enhancing drugs, which are socially unacceptable drugs that are substances used to improve athletes performance in sport. There are many reasons why athletes take drugs but there are three main reasons that can be broken down into more specific reasons.
Physiological
- Increase oxygen transport
- Lose weight / train harder
- Mask injury / reduce tiredness
- Build muscle / increase energy
Psychological
- Increase motivation
- Steady nerves
- Increase aggression
Social
- Athletes are prepared to win at all costs
- Belief that everyone is doing it
- Fear of not winning
- Pressure to win from coaches, peers and the media
- Winning can allow them to earn big money
The NHL, NBA, MLB, and NFL all have drug tests set up for the athletes but they all test for different things and at different times. They all also have different penalties for using drugs. The NBA tests for steroids and recreational drugs. The NFL has the most rigorous testing policy, they test for steroids, human growth hormones, recreational drugs, and performance enhancing drugs. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) banned drug use in 1967 and they send all of their drug tests to the World Anti-Doping Agency. Unfortunately, there have still been many athletes that have been caught
using banned drugs. Alex Rodriguez, Barry Bonds, and Lance Armstrong are few successful athletes who have been caught using steroids or blood doping. All of these athletes ruined their reputation, lost all of their credibility, and lost their career because they used drugs to get an edge on the competition. Lance Armstrong opens up about his story in an interview with Oprah: Lance Armstrong
On Tuesday, April 3, 2015 in my American Sport in the 21st Century class we discussed what is being done to prevent drug use in sports. Many of the leagues are enforcing stricter, more rigorous out of season testing, enforcing stricter punishment and life bans, having co-ordinated education programs, there is more money for increasingly efficient and effective testing programs, creating unified policies about the issues, and having role models to reinforce their no drug position.
The Sports Business Journal article, UFC takes a tougher stance on drug testing, is a prime example of advocating about drug use. This article discusses what the UFC is doing to prevent athletes from using drugs within mixed martial arts. Prior to Anderson Silva, who was the best know fighter and Middleweight Champion, tested positive for anabolic steroids the UFC would test their fighters on the day of the event and they would also do out-of-competition testing. After Anderson Silva tested positive the UFC immediately changed their policy. As of February, all athletes across the world are getting tested, athletes training for a main event or a championship fight have mandatory out-of-competition testing, and there are now random out-of-competition for all athletes on that are on the UFC roster.
 |
| Adrian Peterson |
Adrian Peterson punished his son the way that he was punished when he was a kid. Adrian credits his success to the way that his parents raised him. This creates a problem between what society sees as acceptable and what different cultures see as acceptable. The following youtube video is a statement that Adrian Peterson released expressing his emotions: Adrian Peterson
Article: UFC Drug Testing
On Tuesday, April 3, 2015 in my American Sport in the 21st Century class we continued our discussion on deviance in sports but we focused on drugs. Drugs are chemicals that change the way that our bodies work. There are three different types of drugs: prescribed drugs, which are socially accepted drugs that are given by a doctor to help cure illness and disease, social drugs, which are socially unacceptable drugs that are illegal substances used by people to give them a "high" to try to make them have a good time, and performance enhancing drugs, which are socially unacceptable drugs that are substances used to improve athletes performance in sport. There are many reasons why athletes take drugs but there are three main reasons that can be broken down into more specific reasons.
 |
| Former UFC fighter Anderson Silva |
Physiological
- Increase oxygen transport
- Lose weight / train harder
- Mask injury / reduce tiredness
- Build muscle / increase energy
Psychological
- Increase motivation
- Steady nerves
- Increase aggression
Social
- Athletes are prepared to win at all costs
- Belief that everyone is doing it
- Fear of not winning
- Pressure to win from coaches, peers and the media
- Winning can allow them to earn big money
The NHL, NBA, MLB, and NFL all have drug tests set up for the athletes but they all test for different things and at different times. They all also have different penalties for using drugs. The NBA tests for steroids and recreational drugs. The NFL has the most rigorous testing policy, they test for steroids, human growth hormones, recreational drugs, and performance enhancing drugs. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) banned drug use in 1967 and they send all of their drug tests to the World Anti-Doping Agency. Unfortunately, there have still been many athletes that have been caught
 |
| Alex Rodriguez, Barry Bonds, and Lance Armstrong |
On Tuesday, April 3, 2015 in my American Sport in the 21st Century class we discussed what is being done to prevent drug use in sports. Many of the leagues are enforcing stricter, more rigorous out of season testing, enforcing stricter punishment and life bans, having co-ordinated education programs, there is more money for increasingly efficient and effective testing programs, creating unified policies about the issues, and having role models to reinforce their no drug position.
The Sports Business Journal article, UFC takes a tougher stance on drug testing, is a prime example of advocating about drug use. This article discusses what the UFC is doing to prevent athletes from using drugs within mixed martial arts. Prior to Anderson Silva, who was the best know fighter and Middleweight Champion, tested positive for anabolic steroids the UFC would test their fighters on the day of the event and they would also do out-of-competition testing. After Anderson Silva tested positive the UFC immediately changed their policy. As of February, all athletes across the world are getting tested, athletes training for a main event or a championship fight have mandatory out-of-competition testing, and there are now random out-of-competition for all athletes on that are on the UFC roster.
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